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Name	Size	Permission	Date
App	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Archive	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Attribute	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
B	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
CPAN	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Carp	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Class	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Compress	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Config	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
DBM_Filter	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Devel	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Digest	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Encode	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Exporter	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
ExtUtils	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
File	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Filter	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Getopt	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
HTTP	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
I18N	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
IO	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
IPC	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
JSON	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Locale	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Math	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Memoize	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Module	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Net	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Params	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Parse	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2025-08-05 17:02
Perl	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
PerlIO	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2025-08-05 17:02
Pod	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Search	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
TAP	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Term	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Test	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Test2	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Text	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Thread	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Tie	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Time	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
Unicode	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
User	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
autodie	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
encoding	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
overload	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
pod	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
unicore	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
version	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
warnings	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2026-06-26 06:22
AnyDBM_File.pm	2.56 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
AutoLoader.pm	15.43 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
AutoSplit.pm	19.18 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Benchmark.pm	30.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
CORE.pod	3.11 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
CPAN.pm	144.5 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Carp.pm	35.15 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
DB.pm	18.48 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
DBM_Filter.pm	14.05 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Digest.pm	10.96 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
DirHandle.pm	2.04 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Dumpvalue.pm	17.25 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
English.pm	4.65 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Env.pm	5.44 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Exporter.pm	18.76 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Fatal.pm	57.85 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
FileCache.pm	5.42 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
FileHandle.pm	6.65 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
FindBin.pm	4.51 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Internals.pod	2.51 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Memoize.pm	31.82 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
NEXT.pm	18.54 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
PerlIO.pm	13.92 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Safe.pm	24.76 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
SelectSaver.pm	1.05 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
SelfLoader.pm	17.27 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Symbol.pm	4.79 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Test.pm	29.34 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Test2.pm	6.24 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
Thread.pm	8.09 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
UNIVERSAL.pm	6.67 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
XSLoader.pm	11.13 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
_charnames.pm	34.84 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
autodie.pm	12.14 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
autouse.pm	4.14 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
base.pm	10.7 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
bigfloat.pm	21.45 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
bigint.pm	22.7 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
bignum.pm	27.56 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
bigrat.pm	20.64 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
blib.pm	2.01 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
builtin.pm	10.15 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
bytes.pm	3.69 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
bytes_heavy.pl	758 B	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
charnames.pm	20.56 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
constant.pm	14.38 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
deprecate.pm	4.92 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
diagnostics.pm	18.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
dumpvar.pl	15.19 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
experimental.pm	8.72 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
feature.pm	53.32 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
fields.pm	9.25 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
filetest.pm	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
if.pm	3.55 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
integer.pm	3.18 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
less.pm	3.13 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
locale.pm	4.77 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
meta_notation.pm	2.02 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
ok.pm	967 B	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
open.pm	8.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
overload.pm	53.44 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
overloading.pm	1.77 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
parent.pm	2.64 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
perl5db.pl	310.13 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
perlfaq.pm	77 B	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
sigtrap.pm	8.53 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
sort.pm	2.92 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
stable.pm	4.55 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
strict.pm	4.67 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
subs.pm	945 B	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
utf8.pm	10.63 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
vars.pm	2.4 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
version.pm	1.93 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
version.pod	9.6 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
vmsish.pm	4.21 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42
warnings.pm	55.73 KB	-rw-r--r--	2026-06-12 13:42

Rename

package AnyDBM_File;
use warnings;
use strict;

use 5.006_001;
our $VERSION = '1.01';
our @ISA = qw(NDBM_File DB_File GDBM_File SDBM_File ODBM_File) unless @ISA;

my $mod;
for $mod (@ISA) {
    if (eval "require $mod") {
	@ISA = ($mod);	# if we leave @ISA alone, warnings abound
	return 1;
    }
}

die "No DBM package was successfully found or installed";

__END__

=head1 NAME

AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

NDBM_File, DB_File, GDBM_File, SDBM_File, ODBM_File - various DBM implementations

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use AnyDBM_File;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module is a "pure virtual base class"--it has nothing of its own.
It's just there to inherit from one of the various DBM packages.  It
prefers ndbm for compatibility reasons with Perl 4, then Berkeley DB (See
L<DB_File>), GDBM, SDBM (which is always there--it comes with Perl), and
finally ODBM.   This way old programs that used to use NDBM via dbmopen()
can still do so, but new ones can reorder @ISA:

BEGIN { @AnyDBM_File::ISA = qw(DB_File GDBM_File NDBM_File) }
    use AnyDBM_File;

Having multiple DBM implementations makes it trivial to copy database formats:

use Fcntl; use NDBM_File; use DB_File;
    tie %newhash,  'DB_File', $new_filename, O_CREAT|O_RDWR;
    tie %oldhash,  'NDBM_File', $old_filename, 1, 0;
    %newhash = %oldhash;

=head2 DBM Comparisons

Here's a partial table of features the different packages offer:

odbm    ndbm    sdbm    gdbm    bsd-db
			 ----	 ----    ----    ----    ------
 Linkage comes w/ perl   yes     yes     yes     yes     yes
 Src comes w/ perl       no      no      yes     no      no
 Comes w/ many unix os   yes     yes[0]  no      no      no
 Builds ok on !unix      ?       ?       yes     yes     ?
 Code Size               ?       ?       small   big     big
 Database Size           ?       ?       small   big?    ok[1]
 Speed                   ?       ?       slow    ok      fast
 FTPable                 no      no      yes     yes     yes
 Easy to build          N/A     N/A      yes     yes     ok[2]
 Size limits             1k      4k      1k[3]   none    none
 Byte-order independent  no      no      no      no      yes
 Licensing restrictions  ?       ?       no      yes     no

=over 4

=item [0]

on mixed universe machines, may be in the bsd compat library,
which is often shunned.

=item [1]

Can be trimmed if you compile for one access method.

=item [2]

See L<DB_File>. 
Requires symbolic links.

=item [3]

By default, but can be redefined.

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

dbm(3), ndbm(3), DB_File(3), L<perldbmfilter>

=cut