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Name	Size	Permission	Date
lib	[ DIR ]	drwxr-xr-x	2025-11-05 21:34
argdist_example.txt	22.49 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
bashreadline_example.txt	882 B	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
bindsnoop_example.txt	4.42 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
biolatency_example.txt	23.46 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
biolatpcts_example.txt	2.97 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
biopattern_example.txt	1.37 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
biosnoop_example.txt	3.47 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
biotop_example.txt	9.11 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
bitesize_example.txt	4.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
bpflist_example.txt	2.13 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
btrfsdist_example.txt	9.32 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
btrfsslower_example.txt	6.65 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
cachestat_example.txt	3.92 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
cachetop_example.txt	3.83 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
capable_example.txt	6.5 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
cobjnew_example.txt	2.97 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
compactsnoop_example.txt	9.92 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
cpudist_example.txt	16.48 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
cpuunclaimed_example.txt	15.2 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
criticalstat_example.txt	4.81 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
cthreads_example.txt	2.08 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
dbslower_example.txt	3.89 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
dbstat_example.txt	6.5 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
dcsnoop_example.txt	4.27 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
dcstat_example.txt	3.26 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
deadlock_example.txt	16.25 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
dirtop_example.txt	4.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
drsnoop_example.txt	5 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
execsnoop_example.txt	6.64 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
exitsnoop_example.txt	6.22 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
ext4dist_example.txt	8.78 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
ext4slower_example.txt	11.07 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
filegone_example.txt	743 B	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
filelife_example.txt	2.04 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
fileslower_example.txt	5.58 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
filetop_example.txt	6.8 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
funccount_example.txt	13.29 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
funcinterval_example.txt	15.28 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
funclatency_example.txt	20.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
funcslower_example.txt	6.63 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
gethostlatency_example.txt	1.29 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
hardirqs_example.txt	37.05 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
inject_example.txt	6.67 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
javacalls_example.txt	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
javaflow_example.txt	5.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
javagc_example.txt	3.78 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
javaobjnew_example.txt	2.97 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
javastat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
javathreads_example.txt	2.08 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
killsnoop_example.txt	1.31 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
klockstat_example.txt	8.34 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
kvmexit_example.txt	11.63 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
llcstat_example.txt	3.24 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
mdflush_example.txt	1.74 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
memleak_example.txt	10.02 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
mountsnoop_example.txt	1.45 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
mysqld_qslower_example.txt	2.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
netqtop_example.txt	12.2 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
nfsdist_example.txt	8.31 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
nfsslower_example.txt	7.68 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
nodegc_example.txt	3.78 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
nodestat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
offcputime_example.txt	19.2 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
offwaketime_example.txt	37.36 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
oomkill_example.txt	1.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
opensnoop_example.txt	10.33 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
perlcalls_example.txt	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
perlflow_example.txt	5.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
perlstat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
phpcalls_example.txt	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
phpflow_example.txt	5.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
phpstat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
pidpersec_example.txt	677 B	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
ppchcalls_example.txt	6.93 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
profile_example.txt	31.08 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
pythoncalls_example.txt	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
pythonflow_example.txt	5.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
pythongc_example.txt	3.78 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
pythonstat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
rdmaucma_example.txt	1.94 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
readahead_example.txt	3.17 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
reset-trace_example.txt	9.15 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
rubycalls_example.txt	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
rubyflow_example.txt	5.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
rubygc_example.txt	3.78 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
rubyobjnew_example.txt	2.97 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
rubystat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
runqlat_example.txt	31.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
runqlen_example.txt	11.85 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
runqslower_example.txt	2.13 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
shmsnoop_example.txt	2.73 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
slabratetop_example.txt	5.22 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
sofdsnoop_example.txt	3.14 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
softirqs_example.txt	11.02 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
solisten_example.txt	2.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
sslsniff_example.txt	6.74 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
stackcount_example.txt	21.45 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
statsnoop_example.txt	3.02 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
swapin.txt	2.57 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
swapin_example.txt	1.39 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
syncsnoop_example.txt	387 B	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
syscount_example.txt	6.27 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tclcalls_example.txt	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tclflow_example.txt	5.88 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tclobjnew_example.txt	2.97 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tclstat_example.txt	2.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpaccept_example.txt	2.76 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpcong_example.txt	33.31 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpconnect_example.txt	6.27 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpconnlat_example.txt	2.55 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpdrop_example.txt	1.95 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcplife_example.txt	6.83 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpretrans_example.txt	3.85 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcprtt_example.txt	9.83 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpstates_example.txt	2.84 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpsubnet_example.txt	5.37 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcpsynbl_example.txt	1.15 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcptop_example.txt	5.75 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tcptracer_example.txt	1.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
threadsnoop_example.txt	1.07 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
tplist_example.txt	4.4 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
trace_example.txt	21.62 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
ttysnoop_example.txt	3.24 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
vfscount_example.txt	2.17 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
vfsstat_example.txt	1.66 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
virtiostat_example.txt	2.62 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
wakeuptime_example.txt	33.25 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
xfsdist_example.txt	6.77 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
xfsslower_example.txt	6.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
zfsdist_example.txt	9.52 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36
zfsslower_example.txt	7.37 KB	-rw-r--r--	2023-12-08 15:36

Rename

Demonstrations of biotop, the Linux eBPF/bcc version.

Short for block device I/O top, biotop summarizes which processes are
performing disk I/O. It's top for disks. Sample output:

# ./biotop
Tracing... Output every 1 secs. Hit Ctrl-C to end

08:04:11 loadavg: 1.48 0.87 0.45 1/287 14547

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
14501  cksum            R 202 1   xvda1      361   28832   3.39
6961   dd               R 202 1   xvda1     1628   13024   0.59
13855  dd               R 202 1   xvda1     1627   13016   0.59
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   3.00
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   6.71
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   2.51
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   1.57
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   1.22
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   0.62
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   0.78
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   1.30
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   3.46
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   0.73
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        2       8   1.48

By default the screen refreshes every 1 second, and shows the top 20 disk
consumers, sorted on total Kbytes. The first line printed is the header,
which has the time and then the contents of /proc/loadavg.

For the interval summarized by the output above, the "cksum" command performed
361 disk reads to the "xvda1" device, for a total of 28832 Kbytes, with an
average I/O time of 3.39 ms. Two "dd" processes were also reading from the
same disk, which a higher I/O rate and lower latency. While the average I/O
size is not printed, it can be determined by dividing the Kbytes column by
the I/O column.

The columns through to Kbytes show the workload applied. The final column,
AVGms, shows resulting performance. Other bcc tools can be used to get more
details when needed: biolatency and biosnoop.

Many years ago I created the original "iotop", and later regretted not calling
it diskiotop or blockiotop, as "io" alone is ambiguous. This time it is biotop.

The -C option can be used to prevent the screen from clearing (my preference).
Here's using it with a 5 second interval:

# ./biotop -C 5
Tracing... Output every 5 secs. Hit Ctrl-C to end

08:09:44 loadavg: 0.42 0.44 0.39 2/282 22115

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
22069  dd               R 202 1   xvda1     5993   47976   0.33
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   2.67
1866   svscan           R 202 1   xvda1       33     132   1.24
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.56
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.79
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.78
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.68
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.71
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.65
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.78
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.80
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.91
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.63
22069  bash             R 202 1   xvda1        1      16  19.94
9251   kworker/u16:2    W 202 16  xvdb         2       8   0.13

08:09:49 loadavg: 0.47 0.44 0.39 1/282 22231

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
22069  dd               R 202 1   xvda1    13450  107600   0.35
22199  cksum            R 202 1   xvda1      941   45548   4.63
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   2.93
24467  kworker/0:2      W 202 16  xvdb         1      64   0.28
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.81
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.81
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.03
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.76
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.74
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.94
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.76
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.69
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.72
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.70
22199  bash             R 202 1   xvda1        2      20   0.35
482    xfsaild/md0      W 202 16  xvdb         5      13   0.27
482    xfsaild/md0      W 202 32  xvdc         2       8   0.33
31331  pickup           R 202 1   xvda1        1       4   0.31

08:09:54 loadavg: 0.51 0.45 0.39 2/282 22346

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
22069  dd               R 202 1   xvda1    14689  117512   0.32
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   2.33
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.65
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.08
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.66
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.79
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.67
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.66
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.02
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.88
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.89
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.25

08:09:59 loadavg: 0.55 0.46 0.40 2/282 22461

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
22069  dd               R 202 1   xvda1    14442  115536   0.33
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   3.46
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.87
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.87
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.78
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.86
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.89
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.87
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.86
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.06
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.12
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.98

08:10:04 loadavg: 0.59 0.47 0.40 3/282 22576

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
22069  dd               R 202 1   xvda1    14179  113432   0.34
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   2.39
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.81
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.02
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.15
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   1.10
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.77
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.72
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.81
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.86
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.83
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1       10      40   0.79
24467  kworker/0:2      R 202 32  xvdc         3      12   0.26
1056   cron             R 202 1   xvda1        2       8   0.30
24467  kworker/0:2      R 202 16  xvdb         1       4   0.23

08:10:09 loadavg: 0.54 0.46 0.40 2/281 22668

PID    COMM             D MAJ MIN DISK       I/O  Kbytes  AVGms
22069  dd               R 202 1   xvda1      250    2000   0.34
326    jbd2/xvda1-8     W 202 1   xvda1        3     168   2.40
1880   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.93
1873   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.76
1871   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.60
1876   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.61
1892   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.68
1878   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.90
1886   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.57
1894   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.97
1869   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.69
1888   supervise        W 202 1   xvda1        8      32   0.67

This shows another "dd" command reading from xvda1. On this system, various
"supervise" processes do 8 disk writes per second, every second (they are
creating and updating "status" files).

USAGE message:

# ./biotop.py -h
usage: biotop.py [-h] [-C] [-r MAXROWS] [interval] [count]

Block device (disk) I/O by process

positional arguments:
  interval              output interval, in seconds
  count                 number of outputs

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -C, --noclear         don't clear the screen
  -r MAXROWS, --maxrows MAXROWS
                        maximum rows to print, default 20

examples:
    ./biotop            # block device I/O top, 1 second refresh
    ./biotop -C         # don't clear the screen
    ./biotop 5          # 5 second summaries
    ./biotop 5 10       # 5 second summaries, 10 times only